Surtseyan Eruption

A Surtseyan eruption is a type of volcanic eruption that occurs when magma interacts explosively with shallow seawater. This interaction creates a burst of steam and ash, producing a distinctive pattern of explosive activity and the buildup of volcanic material that often forms new islands or landforms. Typically happening near coastlines or during submarine eruptions, Surtseyan eruptions are characterized by vigorous steam explosions, ash clouds, and the rapid accumulation of volcanic tuffs—coarse, fragmental deposits—shaping the landscape in a dramatic way.