superconducting gap

The superconducting gap refers to an energy difference that forms in certain materials when they become superconductors—when they can conduct electricity without any resistance. In this state, electrons pair up in a special way, allowing them to move freely. However, to create these pairs and maintain superconductivity, a certain amount of energy must be provided; this energy is represented by the superconducting gap. Essentially, it indicates the energy needed to break these electron pairs apart, highlighting the unique properties of superconducting materials compared to regular conductors.