stability and control theories

Stability and control theories focus on how systems respond to changes and disturbances. In a stable system, small changes result in minor effects; the system tends to return to its original state. Control theory involves the methods used to influence a system's behavior to achieve desired outcomes, often through feedback mechanisms. For example, in an airplane, stability ensures it flies smoothly, while control systems help the pilot navigate turns or adjustments by responding to the airplane's position and speed. Together, these theories help ensure that systems operate safely and effectively in various conditions.