soil organic carbon (SOC)

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the carbon stored within the organic materials in soil, such as decomposed plant and animal matter like roots, leaves, and remains. It plays a vital role in maintaining soil health by improving its structure, fertility, and ability to retain water. SOC also helps sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, which can mitigate climate change. Its levels are influenced by land management practices, vegetation type, and climate, making it a key factor in sustainable agriculture and environmental conservation. Maintaining healthy SOC is essential for productive soils and ecological balance.