Small interfering RNA

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) are short, double-stranded pieces of RNA that help regulate gene expression. They work by binding to specific messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules—messages that tell cells how to make proteins—marking them for destruction. This process prevents the production of particular proteins. siRNA is naturally found in cells and plays a role in defending against viruses and controlling gene activity. Scientists also use synthetic siRNA in research and medicine to selectively turn off genes, which can be useful for studying gene functions or treating certain diseases.