siRNA (small interfering RNA)

siRNA (small interfering RNA) is a short, double-stranded piece of RNA that helps regulate gene activity by guiding cells to destroy specific messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. This process prevents the production of certain proteins. siRNA plays a natural role in cellular defense against viruses and in gene regulation. Scientists can also design artificial siRNA to selectively target and silence harmful genes, offering potential treatments for diseases. Its ability to efficiently and specifically turn off genes makes siRNA a powerful tool in research and medicine.