Single-Molecule Techniques

Single-molecule techniques are advanced methods used to study individual molecules, such as proteins or DNA, rather than large groups. These approaches allow scientists to observe how a single molecule behaves, changes, or interacts in real time, providing detailed insights into processes like enzyme activity or genetic mutations. Techniques like fluorescence microscopy or atomic force microscopy detect signals from one molecule at a time, revealing behaviors hidden in bulk measurements. This precise level of analysis helps improve understanding of biological functions and can drive innovations in medicine, genetics, and nanotechnology.