Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway

The STAT pathway is a cellular communication system that helps cells respond to signals like hormones or growth factors. When a signal binds to a cell's surface, it activates certain proteins called STATs inside the cell. These STATs then move into the nucleus, where they turn on specific genes. This process helps regulate cell functions like growth, immune response, and healing. Essentially, the STAT pathway acts as a messaging route that translates external signals into cellular actions, ensuring the cell reacts appropriately to its environment.