Sierpiński carpet

The Sierpiński carpet is a fractal—a complex pattern that repeats at different scales. It begins with a large square divided into 9 equal smaller squares, with the middle square removed. This process is repeated infinitely on each remaining smaller square: dividing each into 9, and removing the central one. The pattern creates a intricate, infinitely detailed design with endless holes, exhibiting self-similarity. It exemplifies how simple rules can generate complexity, and is used in mathematics and art to explore concepts of infinity, structure, and recursion.