Sidereus Nuncius

*Sidereus Nuncius* (Starry Messenger), written by Galileo Galilei in 1610, is a groundbreaking scientific pamphlet that reports his discoveries made with an early telescope. Galileo observed moons orbiting Jupiter, details of the Moon’s rugged surface, and countless stars invisible to the naked eye. These observations challenged existing beliefs about the heavens, supporting the idea that celestial bodies are similar to Earth. The work marked a significant advancement in astronomy, emphasizing empirical evidence and urging a shift from traditional views based on philosophy and religion to science based on direct observation.