Shellfish Immunology

Shellfish immunology studies how mollusks and crustaceans defend against diseases. Unlike humans, shellfish lack an adaptive immune system; they rely entirely on innate immunity, which provides immediate, nonspecific defense. Their immune responses include hemocytes (blood cells) that can recognize and attack pathogens, produce antimicrobial substances, and trigger internal defenses. Environmental factors, like water quality and pollution, influence their immune health. Understanding shellfish immunology helps improve aquaculture health management, disease prevention, and sustainability by developing better practices and treatments to protect these aquatic organisms.