Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was the last Shah (king) of Iran, ruling from 1941 until he was overthrown in 1979. He sought to modernize and industrialize Iran through Western-backed reforms known as the White Revolution. His leadership was marked by efforts to strengthen the country's economy and military, but also by political repression, corruption, and close ties with Western nations, especially the United States. His reign faced increasing opposition, culminating in the Iranian Revolution, which led to the establishment of an Islamic republic and his exile.