shading algorithms

Shading algorithms determine how light interacts with surfaces in computer graphics to create realistic images. They calculate how light hits, reflects, and shadows objects based on factors like surface angles, material properties, and light sources. Some common algorithms include flat shading (uniform color), Gouraud shading (smooth color transitions across vertices), and Phong shading (detailed lighting effects with highlights). Advanced techniques simulate shadows and reflections for realism. These algorithms help computers generate images where objects appear three-dimensional, with accurate lighting and depth, enhancing visual realism in video games, movies, and simulations.