sentencing theory

Sentencing theory explores how and why the justice system determines appropriate penalties for criminal behavior. It considers factors like deterrence (preventing future crimes), punishment severity (fairness and retribution), incapacitation (protecting society by limiting offender's freedom), and rehabilitation (helping offenders change). The goal is to balance these aims to promote justice, safety, and fairness. Different theories prioritize these objectives differently, shaping policies and practices in how sentences are decided, aiming for outcomes that discourage crime while ensuring fair treatment for offenders.