Scottish Geology

Scottish geology is shaped by a long and diverse geological history, featuring ancient rocks formed over 3 billion years ago and complex formations from glacial, volcanic, and sedimentary processes. The country's landscape includes rugged mountains like the Highlands, formed from resilient metamorphic and igneous rocks, as well as fertile plains and coastal regions. Scotland’s geology reveals evidence of past tectonic activity, glaciations that carved valleys and lochs, and mineral resources such as coal, limestone, and oil. This rich geological heritage influences the landscape, natural resources, and even Scotland’s climate and ecosystems.