SAT/UNSAT instances

In logic and computer science, a SAT (satisfiable) instance is a problem where it's possible to assign values (like true or false) to variables so that all the given conditions are met. An UNSAT (unsatisfiable) instance means no matter how you try, there's no way to assign values that satisfy all conditions simultaneously. Think of SAT as finding a solution that fits all rules, while UNSAT means such a solution doesn't exist. These concepts are fundamental in areas like optimization, verification, and artificial intelligence, helping determine whether problems are solvable or inherently conflicting.