Salazar (António de Oliveira Salazar)

António de Oliveira Salazar was Portugal's leader from 1932 to 1968, serving as both finance minister and then dictator. He established a conservative, authoritarian regime known as the Estado Novo, emphasizing stability, nationalism, and Catholic values. Salazar implemented policies that maintained Portugal's colonial empire and suppressed political opposition, limiting freedoms. His government prioritized economic growth and stability but was criticized for lack of democracy and human rights abuses. Salazar's rule significantly shaped Portugal's mid-20th-century history, and he remained in power until health issues led to his replacement in 1968.