runway orientation

Runway orientation refers to the direction that a runway is aligned with respect to the Earth's magnetic north. It is measured in degrees, ranging from 01 to 36, indicating the compass heading pilots use when taking off or landing. For example, a runway oriented at 090 degrees runs east-west. This orientation is crucial for pilots to accurately navigate and land their aircraft, as wind direction and speed can significantly affect flight safety. Understanding runway orientation helps pilots position themselves correctly for takeoff and landing in various weather conditions.