RTK (Receptor Tyrosine Kinase)

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases (RTKs) are specialized proteins located on the surface of cells that act as communication gateways. When specific molecules, like growth factors, attach to RTKs, they activate the receptor by adding a phosphate group. This activation triggers internal signals that tell the cell to grow, divide, or perform specific functions. RTKs are vital for normal development and maintaining health; however, when they malfunction or are overactive, they can contribute to diseases like cancer by promoting uncontrolled cell growth.