RSA

RSA is a widely used method for secure digital communication, ensuring only intended recipients can read messages. It works by generating two related keys: a public key, which anyone can use to encrypt a message, and a private key, kept secret by the owner, used to decrypt it. The encryption relies on complex mathematical properties of large prime numbers, making it extremely difficult for hackers to reverse-engineer the private key from the public one. This system enables secure data exchange, such as online banking or email, by providing confidentiality and authentication.