Roman army reforms

Roman army reforms, especially during the late Republic, transformed the legions into a more flexible and professional force. These changes included standardizing equipment, creating a standing army with full-time soldiers, and reorganizing units into smaller, more adaptable groups called cohorts. Recruitment shifted to enlistments based on skill and loyalty rather than just wealth or social status. These reforms improved combat effectiveness, promoted discipline, and allowed Rome to better respond to diverse threats across its expanding territories. Overall, they made the Roman military more efficient, disciplined, and capable of sustaining Rome’s dominance over a vast empire.