Rock

A rock is a naturally occurring solid material composed of one or more minerals or mineraloids. They form through geological processes like cooling molten lava, compaction of sediments, or mineral crystallization within the Earth's crust. Rocks are classified into three main types based on their formation: igneous (from cooled magma or lava), sedimentary (from compressed layers of sediment), and metamorphic (existing rocks transformed by heat and pressure). They make up the Earth's crust and are essential to the planet's structure, providing the foundation for landforms, resources, and ecosystems.