river ecosystems

River ecosystems are dynamic environments where water, plants, animals, and microorganisms interact. They are shaped by flow, depth, and surrounding land, providing habitats for diverse species like fish, insects, birds, and aquatic plants. Rivers transport nutrients and support food chains, while also influencing nearby landscapes. Healthy river ecosystems require clean water, adequate flow, and a variety of habitats. These systems are vital for biodiversity, water quality, and human needs such as drinking water, recreation, and agriculture. Protecting rivers helps maintain ecological balance and ensures they continue to provide essential services.