Refraction Seismology

Refraction seismology is a method used to study the Earth's interior by sending seismic waves into the ground and measuring how they bend or change direction when passing through different layers. When seismic waves travel through materials of varying densities and velocities, they refract or bend at boundaries. By analyzing these wave paths and arrival times at surface sensors, scientists can map underground structures, such as rock layers and faults, much like how light bends when passing through glass. This technique helps us understand the Earth's composition and locate resources or detect geological hazards.