Reflection and Refraction Methods

Reflection and refraction are two ways waves interact with surfaces. Reflection occurs when a wave bounces off a surface, like light bouncing off a mirror, allowing us to see. Refraction happens when a wave passes from one medium to another, changing speed and bending, like a straw appearing bent in a glass of water. These phenomena help us understand and analyze internal structures, whether studying the Earth's layers or imaging inside the body, by observing how waves behave at boundaries. Both are fundamental in technologies like sonar, medical imaging, and geophysical exploration.