Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are specialized proteins located on the surface of cells. They act as sensors that detect signals like growth factors or hormones. When a signal binds to an RTK, the receptor activates itself by adding phosphate groups (a process called phosphorylation). This activation triggers internal cell processes that regulate activities such as growth, division, and survival. RTKs are essential for normal development and maintaining health. Malfunction or mutations in RTKs can lead to diseases like cancer, making them important targets for medical research and therapies.