RB1 gene

The RB1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called pRB, which plays a crucial role in controlling cell growth and division. Think of pRB as a brake that helps prevent cells from multiplying too quickly or unstoppably. When the RB1 gene is healthy, it helps keep cell growth in check, reducing the risk of tumor development. However, if the RB1 gene is damaged or mutated, the brake may fail, allowing cells to grow uncontrollably, which can lead to cancers like retinoblastoma, a rare eye cancer in children.