Rawlsian Theory of Justice

The Rawlsian Theory of Justice, developed by philosopher John Rawls, suggests that a fair society is one where rules are designed from an original position behind a "veil of ignorance," meaning decision-makers don’t know their own social status or talents. This ensures principles that protect the least advantaged and promote equality, as everyone would choose rules that are fair regardless of their future position. Rawls emphasizes principles like equal basic rights and social and economic inequalities only if they benefit everyone, especially the worst-off, fostering fairness and justice in society.