Rainbow

A rainbow is a natural optical phenomenon that occurs when sunlight interacts with water droplets in the atmosphere. When sunlight enters a water droplet, it slows down and bends—a process called refraction—causing the light to spread into its component colors. The light reflects off the inside surface of the droplet and exits, bending again as it leaves. This combination of refraction, reflection, and dispersion results in a spectrum of colors forming an arc in the sky. The specific colors and shape depend on the angles of light and the size of the water droplets, creating the vibrant, circular rainbow we see.