rail gauge

Rail gauge refers to the distance between the inner edges of the two rails on a railway track. It determines the width of the train that can run on that track. Different regions and countries may have varying gauges, which affects train compatibility and infrastructure design. Standard gauge, the most common worldwide, is 1,435 millimeters (4 feet 8.½ inches). Narrower gauges are often used in mountainous areas or for lighter, less busy rail lines, while wider gauges can provide extra stability for heavy freight or high-speed trains. Maintaining consistent gauge is essential for safe and efficient train operation.