Pythagoreans

The Pythagoreans were an ancient Greek philosophical and mathematical school founded by Pythagoras around the 6th century BCE. They believed that numbers were the fundamental reality underlying everything in the universe. They studied mathematical relationships, especially in geometry, and are best known for discovering that in a right-angled triangle, the sum of the squares of the two shorter sides equals the square of the longest side—this is the Pythagorean theorem. Their ideas influenced both math and philosophy, emphasizing harmony, order, and the idea that numbers underpin the structure of the cosmos.