psychrophiles

Psychrophiles are microorganisms that thrive in extremely cold environments, typically below 15°C (59°F) and often close to freezing or even subzero temperatures. They have adapted special proteins and cellular structures that function efficiently in cold conditions, allowing them to grow and reproduce where most organisms cannot. Psychrophiles are found in places like Arctic ice, deep-sea waters, and glaciers. Their unique adaptations make them important for understanding life in extreme environments and have potential applications in biotechnology and medicine.