Proto-Indo-European language

Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the theorized ancient language that ancestral to a vast family of languages including English, Spanish, Hindi, Russian, and many others. Linguists believe PIE was spoken around 4500–2500 BCE in the Eurasian Steppe. Through comparing similarities across these languages, scholars reconstruct aspects of PIE's vocabulary, grammar, and phonology, even though no direct records exist. PIE serves as the linguistic root from which many modern Indo-European languages evolved, offering insights into early human migration, cultural connections, and shared history.