Probability and Statistics in Science and Engineering

Probability and statistics in science and engineering involve gathering data, analyzing patterns, and making informed decisions under uncertainty. Probability measures the likelihood of future events based on known information, helping predict outcomes. Statistics involves collecting, summarizing, and interpreting data to understand phenomena and assess reliability. Together, they enable scientists and engineers to evaluate risks, optimize processes, and make evidence-based conclusions, enhancing innovation and safety. These tools are fundamental for designing experiments, controlling quality, and improving technologies across various fields.