Primers in molecular biology

Primers are short strands of DNA or RNA designed to start the process of copying a specific segment of DNA. They act like bookmarks or starting points that guide enzymes to the exact location where replication or amplification should begin. In techniques like PCR (polymerase chain reaction), primers attach to targeted genetic sequences, allowing scientists to selectively reproduce or analyze specific parts of the DNA. Their precise design ensures that only the desired DNA segment is copied, making them essential tools in genetic research, diagnostics, and biotechnology.