pressure-volume relationships

Pressure-volume relationships describe how the pressure inside a container or biological system changes as its volume changes. Typically, when volume expands, pressure decreases because the particles inside have more space to move, exerting less force per unit area. Conversely, reducing volume increases pressure as particles are compressed into a smaller space. These relationships are fundamental in understanding systems like the lungs or engines, where inhaling or expanding increases volume and decreases pressure, aiding airflow or fluid movement, while exhaling or compressing does the opposite. The relationship helps predict how systems will behave when their size or volume is altered.