Portuguese Civil War

The Portuguese Civil War, primarily known as the Liberal Wars (1828-1834), was a conflict between Liberal constitutionalists seeking limited monarchy and conservative absolutists defending royalist authority. The Liberal side aimed to establish a constitutional government based on modern democratic principles, while the absolutists wanted to maintain traditional monarchical power. The war caused social unrest, divisions, and instability across Portugal, culminating in Liberal victory. This led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy under Queen Maria II and significant political reforms, shaping Portugal’s future governance and reducing royalist influence in favor of constitutional rights.