Portugal (decriminalization model)

Portugal's decriminalization model, implemented in 2001, means that the possession of small amounts of drugs for personal use is not considered a criminal offense. Instead of arresting users, authorities focus on treatment and harm reduction. People caught with drugs are referred to a "dissuasion commission," which can recommend treatment or social reintegration instead of penalties. This approach aims to reduce stigma, improve public health, and lower drug-related crime. As a result, Portugal has seen declines in overdose rates, HIV infections, and drug-related deaths, illustrating a shift from punishment to understanding and support.