Political Realism: Niccolò Machiavelli

Political realism, as articulated by Niccolò Machiavelli, emphasizes the importance of power and pragmatic decision-making in politics, often prioritizing the effectiveness of a leader over moral considerations. Machiavelli argued that rulers must sometimes act immorally to maintain stability and protect their state. This contrasts with political idealism, which advocates for moral values and ethical principles in governance. Realism acknowledges the complexities and harsh realities of political life, suggesting that leaders must be shrewd and adaptable to navigate the often chaotic nature of human behavior and international relations.