Polar covalent bond

A polar covalent bond occurs when two atoms share electrons unequally. This happens because one atom attracts electrons more strongly than the other, resulting in a slight electrical charge separation. Think of it like a tug-of-war where one side pulls harder, causing the shared electrons to spend more time near that atom. As a result, the atom with the greater pull becomes slightly negative, while the other becomes slightly positive. This uneven sharing creates a molecule with a dipole moment, meaning it has distinct positive and negative areas, which influences how the molecule interacts with other substances.