Plaque formation

Plaque formation in arteries occurs when fats, cholesterol, waste products, and other substances build up on the arterial walls over time. This buildup creates a thick, sticky substance that narrows and hardens the arteries, reducing blood flow. The process begins with minor damage to the artery lining, allowing substances to seep in and trigger an inflammatory response. As more deposits accumulate, plaque hardens and can rupture, potentially leading to blood clots that may block blood flow entirely. This process increases the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular problems if not managed.