Plant Secondary Metabolism

Plant secondary metabolism involves the production of compounds that are not directly needed for basic growth or survival but serve important roles such as defense against pests, diseases, and environmental stresses, as well as attracting pollinators. These compounds include alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolics. While primary metabolism covers essential processes like photosynthesis and cell division, secondary metabolites are specialized chemicals unique to certain plants. They often have medicinal, aromatic, or nutritional value for humans and animals. Overall, secondary metabolism enhances a plant’s ability to adapt, survive, and reproduce in its specific environment.