Physical volcanology

Physical volcanology is the scientific study of how volcanoes erupt and how volcanic materials behave during eruptions. It examines the processes that produce lava flows, ash plumes, and pyroclastic flows, focusing on the mechanics and physical properties of magma and volcanic debris. This field helps us understand eruption styles, predict volcanic activity, and assess hazards. By analyzing the physical characteristics of volcanic materials and their dynamics, scientists can better interpret past eruptions and inform safety measures for communities living near volcanoes.