phylogeny

Phylogeny is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among living organisms. It illustrates how species are related through common ancestry, often represented in a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree. Each branch shows different lineages that evolved from common ancestors over time. By examining genetic, morphological, and behavioral traits, scientists can trace how species have diverged and adapted, helping us understand biodiversity and the processes of evolution. Phylogeny is essential in fields like biology, ecology, and conservation, providing insights into the interconnectedness of life on Earth.