Phylloxera

Phylloxera is a tiny insect pest that attacks grapevines by feeding on their roots and leaves, causing damage that can severely weaken or kill the plants. Originating from North America, it was accidentally introduced to European vineyards in the 19th century, leading to widespread destruction of vineyards and a major crisis in wine production. The most effective solution was grafting European grapevines onto resistant North American rootstocks, which helped restore the vineyards. Today, phylloxera remains a concern for grape growers, but proper management and resistant rootstocks have made its impact manageable.