phase change materials (PCM)

Phase change materials (PCMs) are substances that absorb, store, and release energy through changes in their physical state, typically between solid and liquid. When they melt, they absorb heat, helping to regulate temperature; when they solidify, they release stored heat. This process makes PCMs effective for thermal management in applications like building insulation, HVAC systems, and electronic cooling, enhancing energy efficiency. They can maintain a stable temperature environment by buffering temperature fluctuations, making them useful for sustainable energy solutions and improving comfort without additional power consumption.