permanent settlement

Permanent Settlement was a land revenue system introduced by the British in 1793 in parts of India, particularly Bengal. It aimed to create a stable tax system by fixing land revenue payments for landowners (zamindars) permanently. In exchange, zamindars were responsible for collecting taxes from farmers. This system incentivized zamindars to maximize land productivity, but it often led to exploitation of farmers and disregard for their welfare. The Permanent Settlement significantly altered agricultural practices and land ownership in India, contributing to economic and social changes during British colonial rule.