penitentiary architecture

Penitentiary architecture refers to the design and layout of prisons, created to promote security, order, and reform. Historically, designs like the radial or panopticon model allowed guards to observe inmates efficiently, enhancing supervision and control. Modern architectural approaches aim to balance safety with humane conditions, incorporating features such as secure perimeters, controlled access, and spaces for work and rehabilitation. The design influences both security effectiveness and the well-being of inmates, making it a critical factor in correctional facility management.