peninsular wars

The Peninsular Wars (1808-1814) were a series of conflicts during the Napoleonic Wars, where Allied forces from Britain, Spain, and Portugal fought against Napoleon's French Empire in the Iberian Peninsula. The war began when France aimed to control Spain and Portugal, but local resistance, guerrilla tactics, and aid from Britain made occupation difficult. It significantly drained French resources and contributed to Napoleon’s decline. The conflict ended with the defeat of Napoleon’s forces in Spain and Portugal, leading to the restoration of monarchies and shaping the future of European diplomacy and national sovereignty.