Penal Substitution

Penal substitution is a concept in Christian theology where it is believed that Jesus Christ took the punishment for humanity's sins upon himself through his crucifixion. This act satisfies divine justice by paying the debt owed due to human sin, allowing believers to be forgiven and restored to a right relationship with God. Essentially, it views Jesus as a substitute who bears the consequences on behalf of others, ensuring that God's justice and mercy are both upheld.